打磨：石头：砂纸A．培育：花卉：泥土 B．切割：钢板：宝石 C．削减：经费：会计 D

断口呈贝壳状，具树脂样光泽

A．滑石
B．信石
C．雄黄
D．赭石
E．炉甘石

阅读下面的文字，完成后面各题。

原形文化与伪形文化

刘再复

如果说《论语》是儒家文化的原形，那么《山海经》则是整个中华文化的形象性原形原典。它所凝聚、所体现的是一种“知其不可为而为之”的中华文化精神，其中的英雄无私无畏、不知算计、不知功利，他们代表着中 * * 最原始的精神气质。《红楼梦》也体现了中国的原形文化，不仅因为小说的开篇就紧连着《山海经》，而且因为《红楼梦》中的主人公和他心爱的诸女子，以及浸透于全书的赤子情怀，都远离《山海经》之后的巧取豪夺的世界。贾宝玉知其不可而为之，用他的天真挑战着一个庞大的泥浊世界，与夸父、精卫一样呆傻。《山海经》所呈现的中国原形文化精神是热爱“人”、造福人的文化精神，是婴儿般拘囿质朴内心的精神。《红楼梦》连接、呈现并丰富化了的正是这种精神。《西游记》的主人公孙悟空及唐僧所呈现的也是这种精神，二人所形成的心灵结构，是童心和慈悲心融合为一的结构。孙悟空如同不死的刑天，而唐僧则给他以慈悲的规范，唐僧所要造化的英雄是造福的英雄，这一基本精神和《山海经》完全相同。

若以《山海经》为坐标和参照系，便可发现《水浒传》与《三国演义》这两部小说发生了严重的“伪形”。其英雄已不是建设性的英雄，而是破坏性的英雄，其生命宗旨是不断地砍杀人。他们不是要去“补天”，而是打着替天行道的旗号无法无天或自己想成为“天”。他们已失去《山海经》时代的天真，或把天真编织为粗暴与凶狠，或埋葬天真与政治，走向天真无邪的极端反面，耍尽心术与权谋，智慧用于杀人与征服。两书袭用传统的“忠义”理念，但没有灵魂和精神指向——只有情绪，没有信念；只有政治沙场，没有审美秩序。鲁迅则用“三国气”与“水浒气”来描述，实在恰切不过。中国文化的原始精神，到了这两部经典便走到了“伪形”的高峰。

中国原形文化系统中，早期又有一个女性文化的原形。女性在原形中具有创世的地位，既补天又造人的创世者女娲就是女性，这是中国文化原形的象征。《山海经》中另一女性精卫（炎帝之女），化为精卫鸟后以填海为目标，是“补天”的对应性行为。西周时期周人始祖后稷的母亲姜嫄，传说她于郊野践巨人足迹而怀孕生后稷。战国时期老子《道德经》中有“知其雄，守其雌”和“牝常以静胜牡”的“雌性优胜”理念，反映出其哲学精神指向是重“水”性、柔性和雌性。这都为女性能站立于大地而奠定了哲学基础——英雄文化不等于雄性文化，真正的英雄必须把握刚与柔、雌与雄的合理关系；男性英雄应该充分尊重女性。这种雌性优胜的哲学是中国的原形哲学，是中国文化真正的精华。而《水浒传》和《三国演义》则是这种哲学的变形变质。两部经典在崇尚雄性暴力的同时蔑视、仇视雌性，砍杀和利用女性，从而展示了中国文化最黑暗的一页。

（节选自刘再复《双典批判》，有删改）

小题1:下列对“原形文化”的理解，最恰当的一项是

A．中国原形文化最具代表性的是《红楼梦》与《山海经》中的英雄，他们都具有赤子情怀，远离污浊世界。

B．中国原形文化的精神，在《山海经》《红楼梦》和《西游记》里的英雄人物身上，都呈现出相同的精神实质。

C．中国原形文化认为女性具有创世的地位，这为女性站立于大地奠定了哲学基础，《山海经》里的女娲就是其中的代表。

D．中国原形文化系统，既包括能造福人类、内心慈悲、勇于担当的英雄文化，还包括体现雌性优胜的女性文化。小题2:关于中国文化发生了“伪形”，下列表述不正确的一项是

A．《水浒传》里的英雄跟《山海经》里的英雄有所不同，主要是前者发生了“伪形”，变为破坏性的英雄。

B．《三国演义》里的英雄自己想成为“天”，他们走向英雄文化的反面，耍尽心术与权谋，将智慧用于杀人与征服。

C．鲁迅用“气”来评价两部经典，充分说明传统的“忠义”理念不可取，没有灵魂的作品将会发生“伪形”。

D．《水浒传》和《三国演义》在崇尚雄性暴力的同时蔑视、仇视雌性，是雌性优胜哲学的变形与变质。小题3:根据原文内容，下列理解和分析不正确的一项是

A．《西游记》里的唐僧和孙悟空呈现出童心和慈悲心融合为一的心灵结构，这一基本精神与《山海经》的基本精神相同。

B．中国文化的原始精神，到了《水浒传》和《三国演义》便走到了以雄性暴力为主要内容的“伪形”文化的高峰。

C．《山海经》中炎帝之女精卫，是又一个女性文化原形代表，她化为鸟后的填海行为，与女蜗补天的行为相对应。

D．《道德经》中有“牝常以静胜牡”的理念，告诉我们真正的英雄必须把握刚与柔、雌与雄的合理关系。

查询“电子设备”类固定资产明细账。

An older friend once gave me a piece of advice, “Enjoy the last few weeks of college,” she said, “since college is the best time of your life.”

This was not the first time I’d heard such a statement, but with graduation fast coming close, her words especially struck me. It seemed a bit disappointing to reach one's life peak at only 22 years of age, but in her opinion, college had been one of the best times in my life so far. I made friends, took classes, and learned a great deal about myself. But I was also excited for the time after college—moving to a new city, starting a new job, and becoming a "real" person. I hoped that my great dreams were practical.

Then, last week I read a column in Real Simple Magazine called 100 Years of Attitude, in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views. I noticed that none of them considered college as the "best" time of their life. Not all of them went to college, but still in most cases their teens and twenties were not the best times of their life. They said some of their favorite times were raising their children, traveling after retirement, and even enjoying their present time and age.

Enjoying one's present time and age was a clear theme of the interviews. A piece of advice given by the women was about the importance of making the best of all situations. I think it more accurate than that of my friend; I can say with certainty that if I am lucky enough to make it to 100, I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting (跌落) downhill, or even leveling off.

I am sure that our eagerness and devotion will make us college students live a meaningful life. We will not just look backwards or miss our college days. We will look forward in excitement about continued journey uphill.

小题1:Which of the following opinions does the writer agree with?

A．College is the best time of one’s life.

B．Twenties were the best time of the old people.

C．One should make the best of all situations.

D．One should not look backwards at their college time.小题2:In the second paragraph, the writer wants to say ______.

A．her achievements in college would be the peak of her success

B．she is looking forward to living as a “real” person in college

C．she becomes more and more uneasy with graduation

D．she is satisfied with the college life but is hopeful for the future小题3:The column the writer read is mainly about those old women’s ______.

A．best time of life at youth

B．life experiences and views

C．different opinions about life

D．favorite time with best friends小题4:By saying “I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting downhill, or even leveling off” (in Paragraph 4), the writer really means ______.

A．she will not spend the rest of her time at college

B．she will not just obtain a college level certificate

C．she will not be satisfied with what she has already accomplished

D．she will not be content with the life in the future

甲乙丙丁涉嫌犯罪被公安机关立案侦查，对甲乙丙丁分别取保候审不符合法律规定的是（）。

A.甲涉嫌诈骗八千元，但正在哺乳一周岁的婴儿

B.丙涉嫌敲诈勒索，在侦查期间内未能办结，取保候审继续侦查

C.乙涉嫌盗窃三千元，患有严重疾病，感觉生活无望，企图自杀

D.丁涉嫌故意伤害，可能被判处拘役